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E. E. HEWITT 2,048,337

FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE July 21, 1936.

Filed April 6, 1952 ii 2 55 J7 m 20E, 1

INVENTR. E L. L IS E.HEWITT A TTORNE Y.

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atented July 21, 1936 PATENT-olivine 2,048,337 FLUID PRESSURE linens Ellis. nnewitt ndeewooaira, assigner te The Westinghouse Air Brake Company, Wilmerding, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania nppliontion ,April vt, 1932.1,"Seiin1`1lp 93,508

9 claims. (Oreos-r) i A. invention .itelatee to illudpneseune brakes e Welilinovvneutornatie type in whiohthe braises are applied by eiieotine .a reduction in bteiie pipe pressure and teleased pv etieetins hfeninorenseinbraiie pipe presente., f

,In the, .eopendins applieetifnis` `of `Clyde C En@ ,en Seriell tios.. AFiii .and 553x064, iled respetivelv alienate, i939, and Iniy 1.931, ,and assigned to the assignee pf .this application, triple @levees are dieeloeed wherein yielding resillent means are associated with the rrlainV slide,

Valve of tnetniple valve device in manner that, after tne pieton end graduating valve moves e lient iednotion in breite pipe pressure to wl :close tile usual feed groove, said nieensso not on tne to. ieqnirefainrthev and predeter- .nednetipn .in pinke pipe pneesnne for pauslne een niet Valve in n 29. Itis on orient of` tnieinvention to` provide a servipefepnnenieeneniem of tneeenerel tvpe disclosed inthe above noted application, Se-V ine nioin Shdevelveof tite triple valve eeviee are t npeerine iopeninaeainiseive to slici-` venppott niiiek service spinte vinee enism with il?? Sittings tneneof `mounten `netvveei,1: the spaced Winge thereby providing a compnet stnueture that be ,assembled vvitlfnnthe valve seat.

ole-.ien en ,tne invention iste pmvde t rviee sprinsnieennniern wherein the neanke? pi parte ,reduced to a minimum, ,thereby Tetlifl the .tilting-Cost andsinipiifving et, the "as mbiy or tpe mechanism.

I the above noten patent applications, merels l provided a quick service modifying ,valve device oonintieine e vnlvefor eontnoliine oomminneauon thm-Ugh Whilt fluid ,under PrelSSllre is vented from braise pipe to the brake cylinder to effect a loeal,` pulci; service reduction in brake pipe pressul-'e and a diaphragm operated upon a predetermined increase in brakecylinder pressure to per' l Vlnitsaid `valve to be moved toits seat by a spring,

44glso as to cut off the further venting of fluid from einplanen einen service ,notifying ene `that:Y

valve construction, in which the modifying valve` esta@ ine eneelsvnlve are eeoeieten., inet e 0n tot Ainove the Y meditatingV i-tnont neeeesitatins alteration tnereof..

valve nenetrnetion hereinafter `deseriloeii and illintnated tne eeoompenvine drawing; wherein Eie- 1 is n Sectional view, partially in elevation; of e tiiple Valve Adevine embodying tentures ot the invention;

4 FieS- 2f ,and .3 are transverse .sectional views oi a'iieenlent ,ofL ine epperetne shown in Fie. 1, the sectionsi'being taken respactively` on the lines 2-2 and 3.3 0f ,F.igl: `and Fig. l is a longitudinal section through the quick service mechanism taken on line 4,-4! of "Referring to .the olrelvvine` the triple velve devine l l may eornpriee .e peeing having e pieton oneniber @connected to `the brake pipe t3 through PPSSig Pipe .9 and @mailling a Piston ,|42 and having a valve chamber l ,5, Connected ,to the atugiliary lreservoir IB, and containing a main slide valve l] and an auxiliary or graduating Slide valve L8, mounted .on and nevine e .Inovenientrelative to the main slide valve, said valve being yoperated by the piston through a piston Stein le, vvhien ie mounted `loetvveen two rows of guide members or wings 2l and 2? that are integlllypflqunted on the main slide valve and which serve ias guidesfolr the graduating valve i8. The guide, Wings =2l and `2,2 O Il the same side of `the rnainislidevalve .nte integrally connected lov a bridge niernber .20.

"The main Slide valve l] is disposed between a Stopenonlder T23 on the Stem l 9 and a stop flange 24A von the end .of the stem, and the ,Shoulder 23 may lap 4 and Uncover ports in the main slide valve as will' hereinafter appear. y Y

lFor a purpose that Av'vill hereinafter be made apparent, the mainslide valve is provided with a quick Vservice spring mechanism 25, adapted to yieldingly oppose relative movement of the piston and stem with respect to the main slide val-ve after .the piston has moved a slight distance from release position. The device 25 may comprise al pair of plungers` 26, each having a stem 2] of smaller diameter than the body .of the plunger, and an end llanse 28, the plunger and stem` beine ,eiideblv mounted in bores 29 and 3| m the guide wings gil and?? respectively, as clearly inin their extreme left positions with respect to theV main slide valve by the springs 34 and with the triple valve device in the full release position shown in Fig. l, the flange 24 of the stem I9 is spaced a slight distance from the end flanges 28 of the plungers 26. When the piston I4 is moved A to the right a slight distance toward service application position, the flange 24 Von' the end of the stem I9 engages the anges 28 on the plungers and further movement of the piston I4 to the right is Vyieldingly opposed by the springs 34 for a purpose that will be hereinafter made apparent.

vThe triplevalve device may further comprisev a quick service modifying valve device 8 comprising'casing sections 36, 31, and 38, which maybe secured together by any desired means, the section 36 being connected to the body of the triple valve dev-ice. tions 36 and 31is a flexible diaphragm 39 Vhaving at one side a chamber 4I which is open to the atmosphere through a port 42 andhaving at the other side a chamber 43 which is opento the brake cylinder 1 through a brake cylinder passage and pipe 44.I Contained in 'a chamber 45,

formed in the'v casing section 31 and having its open end closed by casing section 38, is a quick service 'modifying Yvalve 46 which is slidably mounted inthe Ychamber 45 vand which is adapted to be moved into sealing engagement with an annular seat rib 41. This valve is provided with a fluted stem 48'which extends through the bore 49 Hand engages with one side of the flexible diaphragm 39. The'end of the stem is maintained in engagement with the diaphragm by the action of aV mechanism comprising a member 52 havingV a 'cone-shaped'portion which has a point contact with one sideof the valve 46 within a recess 53 formed in the valve, and also comprises a spring 54 which is vinterposed between vand engagesthe member 52 and' arball check valve 55 thatv isV mounted in the chamber'45 and which serves to prevent back flow from chamber 45 to a passage 51 leading to the Seat of the main slide valve I1.V

It will here be noted that the single spring 54 serves to yieldingly urge both the modifying valve 46 andthe ball check valve 55 to'theirrre'sp'ective seats.V A i 'In operation, to initially charge vthe brake equipment, fluid under pressure is Asupplied to the brake pipe I3 in theuusual mannerA and from thence flows to the triplervalve piston chamber I2. -With the triple valve piston I4 infull release position, as shown in Fig. 1, Huid iiows fromv the chamberV I2 kthrough a feed groove 58 to valve chamberY I5,andY from thencethrough passage and pipe 59 to theauxiliary reservoirv I6, thereby charging the valve chamber I5and the auxiliary 'reservoir I6 to brake pipe pressure. v Y

With the Vmain'triple valve- I1- and graduating valve I8. in thefull releaseposition as shown in Fig. l, the. brake cylinder` is connected tothe atmosphere in the usual-manner throughipipe 'and passage44, the usual exhaust cavity59 in the Clamped between the casing sec-l main slide valve I1 and the atmospheric passage 6I.

With the triple valve piston I4 and slide valves I 1 and I8 in the full release position as shown in Fig. 1, in which shoulder 23 on the piston I4 engages the end of the main slide valve I1, it will be noted that the flanges 28 of the plungers 26 are spaced away from the end or stop ange 24 on the stem I9.v e-

If itis desired to effect a service application of the brakes, a gradual reduction in brake pipe pressure is effected in the usual manner by operation of the usual brake valve device (not shown). When the brake pipe pressure in piston chamber I2 is thus reduced below auxiliary reservoir pressurev present in valve chamber I5, the piston I4 initially moves to the right and closes the feed groove 58. 'I'his movement of the piston I4 moves the graduating valve I8 relative to the main slide valve I1 and at substantially the same time as the feed groove is closed, the flange 24011 the end of the stem I9 engages the outer ends -of the' plungers 26. Further movement of thepiston I4 is then yieldingly opposedv by the springs 34, but when the brake pipe pressure i s reduced apre` determined but slight amount, for example, a

reduction of 1 pound, the resistance of the springs-- 34 is overcome, permitting the piston I4 tomove'; the graduating valve I8 to quick service Aposition,l

without moving the'main slide valve I9 from them full Yrelease position. 3

In the quick service position ofthe graduating?l valve I8, the cavity 62 connects ports 63 and 64 i in the main slide valve I1. In vfull release posi:i

tion of the main slide -valve I1, port 63fregisters'5 with the passage 65 'connected to the passage ,9 i' that Vis connected to the brake pipe I3, and the",L port 64 in the main slidevalve I1 -registers with'` the passage 66 connected toa quick service bulb 61 which is open to the'atmosphere through-a4@A74 restricted passage 68 and atmospheric passage In the Vquick service position'of rthe main and f graduating slide valves, fluid underk pressure flows from the brake pipe I3 to -the quick service vbulb '45"- 61 through-pipe and passage -9,passage 65,l port`j 63 in the main slide valve I1, cavity 62- inl thef graduating slide valve I8, port 64 in the main slide'valve I1 and passage 66. The flow of fluid@y under pressure from the brake pipe to Vthe/bulb 5() and lfrom thence to "theatmosphere causes the pressure in the brake pipe to reduce at such-a-rate as-fto ensure movement of the triple valve device o'n the next succeeding-car toquick service posi-1'? tion. serially propagated'throughout the equipment of the-cars of the train. 'i When the brake pipe-'pressure is reduced 'by" operati'on of the brake valvedevice and the localA In this manner,vv quick service action 135551.

quick service venting of uid under pressure: 66"

from the brake pipe, ther triple valve piston I4' and slidevalves I1 and I8 are positively. moved" to service position on'eachcar,A in which positional the piston I4 engages aV sealing gasketilgandfa..

service port 12, in the main slide valve, registersrg with the brake cylinder passage 44. `The service'd portY 12 is uncovered by the movementf .th e graduating Valve I8 to quick service position, -so-fthat in service position ofthe mainslidevalve IV'I,

fluid under pressure flows from -the valve chamber. ,'705

I5 and the connected .auxiliary'- reservoir IISy through port 12 and passage'andfpipel 4.4 tothe brake cylinder 1, to eiect anj'application of the f brakes. A

With the'main slide valve and thegraduating slide -yalye zinvservice. positionfportflyin themain slide;.valve registers v,with the passage:65, and cavitysk: which :is connected .Lto the .fport: 13: by arestricted passage 15, `registers with the passage 5.1.?) With the saidvalves inzservice position, fluid under.: pressure. ows from the: `brake :pipa'to'the bnakecylinder.- lthro'ugh: passage and pipe 9,1pas': sage 55, port .'I.3:in the mainy slidevalve,l restricted passage J 5, "cavity 14; passages 5Fl, port ,569past-the ball check valve 55, chamber 45 past the .valve 46 through :bore :49f,:chamber.=.43, and passage and pipex44f...

:Fluidunder pressure continues -to flow.' f rom 'the brakepipe to the brake Cylinderthrough .the com# munication" above described? until the pressure Within the -ibrake vcylinder' attainsga predeter-` mined value, 'say `10 pounds,` when Vthe. pressure .in the: chamber 43iof the'modifying va1vedevice 8 on .fthe under .side -zof Atherdiaphragm .'39, overcomes the :pressure off the spring` 16=and forces the diaphragm `39 upward,- thuspermitting the valve- 45 toclose, .and prevents; firthenquick service local'ver'itingfof iluid ironiithe brake pipe;

..The ball fcheck valve 552 is :provided- =to prevent Vafbaclrliiow4 of fluid from theA brakecylinde'r,

should therbrake pipefpressu're fall below that of the. brake cylinder,` and i itV will be noted `that l in the improved construction disclosed, the spring 54serves to yieldingly bias both the ball check va1ve55`arid the-valve 46 in closed position. By reason of this construction, the modifying valve device 8 and check valve device are so combined as to afford a simple, compact and inexpensive construction.

To release the brakes, the brake pipe pressure is increased in the usual wellknown manner, and when the pressure in the piston chamber I2 exceeds that in the valve chamber I5 and the auxiliary reservoir I6, the piston I4 is moved to the left to the release position as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the brake cylinder I is open to the atmosphere and fluid under pressure ows from the brake pipe through the feed groove 58, to valve chamber I5 and to the auxiliary reservoir I6 through passage and pipe 59.

While I have disclosed but one embodiment of the invention, it is obvious that many changes, omissions and additions may be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of the invention. Y

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a triple valve device, the combination with a piston having a stem, a main valve and a graduating valve operated by the stem and cooperating with said main valve, of a pair of spaced guide members carried by said main valve and having bearing openings therein, and a yielding resistance means comprising a plunger mounted in said bearing openings, a spring disposed between said guide members for biasing the said plunger in one direction and means on the stem for engaging said plunger upon a predetermined movement of the stem with respect to the said main valve, the said spring being adapted through the plunger to yieldingly oppose movement of the stem With respect toP the said main valve.

2. In a triple valve device, the combination with a piston having a stem, a main valve and a graduating valve operated by the stem and cooperating With said main valve, of Va pair of spaced guide membersY carried by said main valve and having bearing openings therein, and a mounted inisaidbearing'- :openings `fand having a large'. portion :and .a treducedfportion., 1 a`- flan-ged sleevexslidably mounted cn thel said =reduced portion :of thefplunger between saidguide members,

a spring? surrounding the sleeve and disposed-flo'e-1 5 tweenarguidemember and? theiiangeof the sleeve for? yieldingly -lbiasing l lthe said sleeve AL-irito-*en` gagement withfthesaid :large-portion of the plunger; andmeans onf'saidls'texn for engaging said plungeriupon apredeterminedimovement of 11i. the stem with respect to said mainvalve; said springlbein'g; adaptedthroiigh saidH-sleeve and said plunger kto-fyieldi'nglly oppose.Y movement 'of thestemi Withrespect to -said Amain valve. Y S323; .Ina `Atriple fvalve -device'lthe combination lil a pistonf having laf-stem', ainan' valve 4and a graduating valve operated by `the stem `and co-l operating with'ks'aid mainvalve," off-a pair ci spaced guide members carri'edby f'salid main valve fandhaving-"bearing foper'iiiigs therein, and a mi yielding f; resistance Ameans 'comprising 5 a 'plunger mounted iri said bearing openings 'and having a stop shoulder `thereon, a` sleeve -slida'bly mounted onfthesaid plungerfor movement between said guide members, "la spring surrounding'V said plunger and disposed between-*atguide m'ember and a radiation-'of` sai-d sleeve :for yieldingly bias# iriglfthe'A sleeve `finto`enfgagement with the *other guide 'member and said vstop shoulder; and means on said'stemllfor engaging the saidsplungerupo'n 305 a predetermined movement of the stem with respect to the said main valve, the said spring being adapted through said sleeve and said plunger to yieldingly oppose movement of said'stem with respect to said main valve.

4. In a fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, a. brake cylinder anda triple valve device operated upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying uid under pressure to the brake cylinder and for venting fluid from the brake pipe to the brake cylinder, of a valve for controlling communication through which said' triple valve device vents iiuid from the brake pipe to the brake cylinder, a movable abutment operated upon a predetermined increase in brake cylinder pressure to permit said valve to move to a seat for closing said communication, a check valve for preventing flow from the brake cylinder through said communication tothe brake pipe, and a spring interposed between said valves for urging both valves to their closed positions.

5. In a iiuid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, a reservoir, a brake cylinder and a triple valve device operative upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure to establish a communication from the reservoir to the said brake cylinder and a communication from the brake pipe to said cylinder, a valve in the last said communication, a spring means for normally yield- 60 ingly holding the valve open, a pressure operated means for rendering the spring ineffective to retain the valve in open position, a second valve in the last said communication for normally preventing flow of fluid under pressure from the l65 brake cylinder to the brake pipe, and a spring for biasing both valves toward closed position.

6. In a fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, a reservoir, a brake cylinder and a triple valve device operative upon a re- 'I0 duction in brake pipe pressure to establish a communication from the reservoir to the said brake cylinder and a communication from the brake pipe to said cylinder, a valve in the last said communication, a spring means for nor- 75 4 amigas? mally-yieldingly lholding the-valve open,va pressure operated means for vrendering thespring Vineiective torretain the valve in open position A and topermit closure .of the said valveV Whenthe a; brake cylinder'Y pressure attains-a predetermined value, a secondV valve inthe last said communication lfor normally preventing flow of uid un. der pressure from the brake cylinder to the brake pipe, and a spring for biasing both valves toward 1.0;; Yclosed position adapted to be overcome` by said iirst spring. j l f 7. A valve structure including a pair of sepa-l rate oppositely disposed stationary valve seats, a Vseparate vvalve for each seat, the said valves 15; being movabley in opposite directions to closed i position upon their respective seats, a single spring interposed betweenV said valves for yield-A inglybiasing saidl valves in opposite directions toward closedrrposition, a second spring for nor-- 2-0; mally yieldingly retaining one of said valves in open position against the action oi?r saidli-rst spring.,V and a iiuid pressure actuated Vmeans adapted to nullify the action ofthe said second spring to permit said rst spring to move said 2-5'5: one of said valves tor closed position. n ,Y

8. A valve structure including a pair o f .sep-` arate oppositely disposed stationary valve seats, afseparatevalvewfor each` seat, the said valves beingmovable in opposite vdirections to closed 30.1: position upon their respective seats, asingle spring interposed between said .valves for yield-i ingly biasing said valves in opposite directions 'towardl closed position, a second spring fornormally yieldingly retainingone of said valves in open position against the action-of said first *5 spring, .and a fluid pressure actuated means adapted toy oppose the biasing force exerted by saidsecond spring .on said vone valve to permit said first spring toY move said one valve to closed position. Y Y Y Y i Y 9. A valve structure including a pair of separate oppositely disposed stationary valve seats; a -separatervalve for each seat, the said valves being movable in opposite directions to closed position upon their. respective seats, a single 151 y opposes theforce exerted by the said spring on said abutment and being. movable under the force of the fluid pressure to a position out of oper- 25! ative engagement with said one valve to permit saidvrone valve to be moved into its closed position.- Y

ELLIS E. HEWITIY. 30

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